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Gaya, also rendered Kaya or Kara, is the presumed language of the Gaya confederacy in southern Korea. It is supposedly attested from thirteen toponyms, but it cannot be certain that these reflect the Gaya language itself rather than an earlier language. Only one word survives that is directly identified as being from the language of the Gaya confederacy. ==Identity== The place names in question appear to be in a language related to Japanese. Beckwith classifies the Japonic family with toponymic pre-Kara as follows:〔 *Japonic * *Yayoi * * *Japanese * * *Pre-Kara (toponyms)† * *Ryukyuan It is not clear if this "pre-Kara" was related to the language of the later Gaya confederacy, of which only four words survive.〔 In volume 34 of the ''Samguk sagi'', a note for the word 旃檀梁 states that, "In the Kaya language, 'gate' is called 梁." The Chinese character was used to write the Silla word for 'ridge', which was ancestral to Middle Korean 돌 '' *twol'' 'ridge', suggesting that the Gaya word for 'gate' may have been pronounced something like ''twol''. This looks similar to Old Japanese '' *two''/''tö'' (門/戸) (modern Japanese ''to'', 戸), meaning 'door, gate'.〔Christopher I. Beckwith, (''Koguryo,'' ) BRILL 2007 p.40. 〕〔Martine Irma Robbeets, (Japanese Related to Korean, Tungusic, Mongolic and Turkic?,'' ) Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 2005 p.867 n.203.〕 The apparently Japonic identity of the Kara toponyms constitutes part of the evidence for the Japanese–Koguryoic hypothesis. However, the Koguryo (Goguryeo) languages themselves came from further north; they may have been ancestral to Korean and replaced Japonic languages in southern Korea. As Gaya grew out of one of the Samhan nations, it may be that the Goguryeo-derived languages of Silla and of the Baekje elite were related to Korean, while the indigenous Samhan language of Baekje was related to (pre-)Gaya and Japanese. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gaya language」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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